Introducing clinical ethics consultation service in Malaysia: A SWOT analysis

Clinical ethics consultation service remains undeveloped in developing countries. It is recognised that its introduction poses challenges. Malaysia, a multicultural society with diverse religions, values and perceptions further complicate the introduction of formal clinical ethics consultation service. Clinicians attending a national congress workshop completed a Strengths–Weaknesses–Opportunities–Threats analysis. The aim was to gain insight into clinician’s expectations and promote initiatives leading to the introduction of clinical ethics consultation service. Clinicians agree that clinical ethics consultation service can improve quality of care, reduce healthcare costs and advocate for patients and providers. The analysis highlighted constraints in sufficient critical mass of relevant expertise and restricted opportunities for training. The opportunities lie in education, curriculum development and availability of dedicated proponents. Cultural barriers, limited resources, lack of awareness, differences in opinions, fear of litigation and destructive influence of social media are seen as threats to the introduction of clinical ethics consultation service. This study illustrates the value of involving stakeholders when introducing clinical ethics consultation service formally. The issues identified will inform the strategic directions for the delivery of clinical ethics consultation service at a national level.